English as a second language
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-2013
Abstract
The teaching of ESL began as a way to help nonnative speakers residing in the United States prepare for the newly enacted 1906 law requiring potential citizens to pass a citizenship test in English (Cavanaugh, 1996). This was part of the “Americanization movement,�? a prevailing attitude that immigrants needed to learn English to become better assimilated into American culture. ESL also began as a way to help nonnative speakers receive vocational training. High schools and private institutions offered English and reading courses to meet the growing demand by nonnative-speaking adults. By 1945, ESL “programs�? started to appear, but it was not until the late 1960s that ESL professionals entered the classroom and began developing the teaching of English to nonnative speakers as a specialty (Farland Sc Cepeda, 1988).
Publication Title
Handbook of Undergraduate Second Language Education
First Page Number
73
Last Page Number
92
DOI
10.4324/9781410605016-12
Recommended Citation
Reppy, Jessie M., "English as a second language" (2013). Kean Publications. 2089.
https://digitalcommons.kean.edu/keanpublications/2089